电源保护 VS.UPS拓扑

电能质量对于管理电力网络和数据中心的人员来说是一个巨大的挑战。大量使用的电子设备-诸如信息系统设备，功率电子诸如PLC和节能灯都导致了一个完全的电力负载变革。这些负载既是主要的导致根源也是导致者的电能质量问题。由于它们是非线性，这些负载导致了电压波形的干扰。沿着最新科技，世界经济组织向全球化发展，许多活动利润空间也清晰的看到变小了。

这些巨大的流程对于电能质量问题的敏感性（工业，服务和居民）意味着高质量电源是对发展有竞争力的市场层面至关重要的是因素。

大家都相信关键设施必须要连续运营，当然任何电源中断，甚至是非常短的时间，会损害企业的运营和导致重大的重要经济损失。

虽然今天的数据中心都被设计高端内在冗余系统来尽可能降低宕机时间，与关键应用自身一样的是所供应的电能质量。为了能够获得连续，高质量的电能，了解电能质量干扰和导致原因非常关键。

什么影响电能质量？那些最重要的不利的干扰电能质量的干扰包括：

?        power sags or outages due to network faults ,由于网络缺陷电源塌陷和断电

?        short voltage variations due to the connection of heavy loads or the presence of faults in the network,由于大负载或者是网络故障造成的短期电压变动

?        distortion of currents and voltages due to non-linear loads present in the system or in the systems of other utilities, etc.

?        电流和电压由于非线性负载出现在系统中或者是系统的的其它设施内等

?        flicker due to large intermittent loads, 由于大的间断负载造成的晃电

?        asymmetry in the supply voltage system. 供应电压系统的的非对称

How to ensure the power quality: the UPS 如何确认电源质量： UPS

Modern technology offers various solutions to ensure the power quality; static UPS systems are undoubtedly the most versatile and widely used and can be adopted for a very broad range of power ratings. In response to the need to classify the various types of static UPS systems currently available on the market, the standard EN 62040-3 was developed. It distinguishes between three major topologies, according to the internal schemes adopted: 现代技术给与确保电源质量的许多解决方案，静态UPS系统无疑是最通用和广泛采用来对于宽范围电能质量的设备。未来能够对于静态UPS系统更好的分类，标准EN 62040-3被开发出来，区分在三种不同的拓扑系统，根据内部的场景才有可以分为：

?        VFD "offline" Voltage and Frequency Dependent - Utilities are normally powered by the mains supply. In the event of power loss the load is automatically switched over to a built-in battery to keep it supplied without interruptions.

?        VFD 离线 电压和频率依赖-设施一般是由主供应电源。在电网掉电自动切换到电池供电避免中断。

?        VI "line interactive" Voltage Independent - The load is supplied by the mains power supply and protected against under and over voltages by an AVR (Automatic Voltage Regulator) voltage stabilizer. If the mains power is lost, the load is instantaneously powered by the battery.

?        VI 线性武动 电压独立-负载有主路供应和保护，通过AVR(自动电压调节)作为电压稳定器，假设主路掉电，负载立即被电池供电。

?        VFI "online double conversion" Voltage and Frequency Independent - This is the only UPS working-mode that assures total load protection against all possible mains quality problems. The power is converted twice (AC to DC through a rectifier then DC to AC through an inverter) to provide high quality voltage, stable frequency and protection against power grid disturbances. If the mains power is lost, the load is powered exclusively by the battery. The internal bypass supplies the utilities in case of inverter output voltage anomalies.

VFI在线双对话，电压和频率都独立-这是唯一的不间断电源工作状态保证主要电能质量问题的整个负载保护的。电源被转变两次（交流到直流通过整流，直流到交流逆变）来提供高质量电压，稳定的频率保证电网干扰。假设主路掉电，负载被电池供电。内部旁路供电放置逆变器故障。